Mesothelioma - what is it?

Mesothelioma

The rare tumour developing in a pleura, peritoneum or in a pericardium, starting with mesothelioma. Development pleural mesothelioma very often happens is bound to inhalation by the person of an asbestos dust (the Asbestosis see), therefore to workers of the enterprises which activity is bound to asbestos and which have such tumour, special financial compensation of the enterprise for the injury caused to their health is necessary. In all other cases if the patient herself directly does not contact to asbestos on the workplace the asbestos dust can get to its organism through clothes of the near relations working at the asbestos enterprise, or he can live near to such enterprise. Special treatment of these tumours meanwhile does not exist, however good results can be in certain cases received after carrying out of a radical surgical intervention which allows to limit diffusion of illness, radial therapy and chemotherapy.

I mesothelioma (mesothelioma; histological mesothelioma; a synonym: a mesothelioma, sarcoma an endothelioma) 

The tumour developing from mesothelioma. Meets seldom, in some cases it is bound to influence on an organism of some kinds of asbestos. It is localised in most cases on a visceral and parietal pleura, is more rare a peritoneum, a pericardium, a serous cover of a testicle.

Differentiate the localised and diffusive forms. Localised mesothelioma looks like knot on a leg or on a wide basis and it is presented usual by accumulations light epitelios the cells forming sometimes adenomatoid or tubular structures, proceeds good-quality. The fibrous variant is characterised by a good-quality current. Diffusive mesothelioma forms appreciable (to 3 sm and more) thickenings of a serous cover without a clear boundary, sometimes with papillary growths on a surface. It is characterised by more expressed polymorphism of cells and signs infiltration growth (can sprout in adjacent organs - lungs, heart, a liver, an intestine). An innidiation diffusive mesothelioma is usual lymphogenous in regions lymph nodes. Distinctive feature - produtionsе a tumour of mucoid substance.

Allocate also the multicystic form which to a thicket meets at women young and middle age. At this form the peritoneum, especially in the field of a rectouterine excavation (duglas spaces) is surprised mainly tazes. The tumour contains cysts. In a stroma presented by a gentle is fibrous-vascular tissue, sometimes find out inflammation signs.

The clinical picture is determined basically by process localisation. Localised mesothelioma pleurae can proceed asymptomatically and to be a casual radiological find. Sometimes it is shown by pains in a thorax, dry tussis; at patients subfebrile body temperature, general delicacy, sometimes joint pains are observed. Diffusive mesothelioma pleurae can acutely proceed with a fervescence to high digits, a fever, a headache, hoarse tussis. Pains in a thorax can irradiate in various directions that sometimes is wrongly regarded as an intercostal neuralgia, a stenocardia or a myocardial infarction, a cholecystitis, a renal colic, etc. In some cases gradual development of semiology becomes perceptible: there are edemas, a cyanosis, a tachycardia and other signs of cardiovascular insufficiency, the dullness over lungs, breath weakening becomes perceptible. Fast accumulating in a pleural cavity serous or serously-gemorragicheskoj liquids is characteristic.

Semiology Mezotelioma of a peritoneum in initial stages of disease is not expressed. At patients unpleasant sensations and abdominal pains without accurate localisation, dyspeptic disorders, alternating of diarrheas and constipations can be observed. Further there is a liquid accumulating in an abdominal cavity, symptoms of germination of a tumour in this or that adjacent organ join. At localised form mesothelioma of a peritoneum the mobile tumour of an abdominal cavity can be palpated.

Mesothelioma a pericardium it is clinically shown by pains in the field of heart, liquid accumulating in a pericardium cavity. Mesothelioma serous covers of a testicle it is accompanied by its augmentation.

Diagnostics is complicated, At diagnosis statement consider the data radiological, ultrasonic and other kinds of special research (for example, an electrocardiogram, an echocardiography). For tumour identification conduct a thoracoscopy (laparoscopy), a thoracotomy (laparotomy) with the subsequent morphological research received a tissue or an exsudate.

Treatment at localised form mesothelioma operative, at the diffusive is conducted by expanded operative measures of type plevro-pnevmonektomii in a combination to chemio - and radial therapy. The forecast at localised form mesothelioma doubtful, at diffusive - as arule, adverse.

The Pleura, tumours see also. 

Books.: pathoanatomical diagnostics of tumours of the person, under the editorship of N.A.Kraevsky, etc., with. 75, М, 1982.

II mesothelioma (mesothelioma; mesothelioma + - ohms; syn. celiteliomus) 

The tumour which morphological substrate are cells mesothelioma.

Mesothelioma good-quality (mesothelioma. benignum: syn. mesothelioma fibrous) - not metastasizing mesothelioma in the form of knot on a leg  a wide basis.

Mesothelioma malignant (mesothelioma. malignum; syn.: a cancer celomit, an endothelioma sarkoma) - mesothelioma, characterised infiltration growth and inclined to a fast innidiation.

Joint mesothelioma (mesothelioma. articulationis) - the Synovioma see.

Mesothelioma fibrous (mesothelioma. fibrosum) - mesothelioma good-quality see.

Mesothelioma testiclus (mesothelioma. testis; син.: a testicle adenoma, adenofibrous a testicle, a testicle tumour adenomatous) - Mesothelioma, starting with a serous cover of a testicle, its appendage and a seed funicle; it is characterised by good-quality growth with origin of zhelezisto-like cavities.